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Organized neonatal transport programs emerged in the late 1970s when perinatal care shifted from community hospitals to regional perinatal centers. Regionalization of care promoted maternal–fetal transport and reduced the number of newborns requiring postnatal transport. In addition, regionalization resulted in improvements in rates of perinatal mortality1 and neonatal morbidity2 as the percentage of very low-birth-weight neonates delivered outside of perinatal centers decreased. Sick or preterm newborns, however, continue to be delivered at institutions that are unable to accommodate all of their medical needs. In some areas, organized regional perinatal care services have deteriorated. In all regions of the...

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