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22: Sinusitis
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Published:May 2023
Marielle Kulling, DO, MPH, FAAP, Stephanie Jennings, MD, "Sinusitis", Caring for the Hospitalized Child: A Handbook of Inpatient Pediatrics, American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Hospital Medicine, Jeffrey C. Gershel, MD, FAAP, Daniel A. Rauch, MD, FAAP, SFHM
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Obstruction of the sinus ostia can be caused by inflammation of the mucosal lining secondary to an upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) or allergic symptoms. This impedes mucous drainage and facilitates the overgrowth of bacteria, leading to acute bacterial sinusitis. Outpatient watchful waiting or oral antibiotic treatment suffices for most cases of acute bacterial sinusitis, but inpatient therapy is required if there is evidence of toxicity, failure of outpatient treatment, an underlying immunodeficiency, or serious complications.
Serious complications of bacterial sinusitis can occur secondary to the spread of infection. The most common are periorbital and orbital cellulitis or abscess. Less...
