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79: Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunt Complications
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Published:May 2023
Tamara D. Simon, MD, MSPH, FAAP, "Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunt Complications", Caring for the Hospitalized Child: A Handbook of Inpatient Pediatrics, American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Hospital Medicine, Jeffrey C. Gershel, MD, FAAP, Daniel A. Rauch, MD, FAAP, SFHM
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The word hydrocephalus originates from the Greek for “water on the brain.” Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is produced primarily in the choroid plexus in each pair of lateral ventricles and circulates through the third and then fourth ventricles to the arachnoid granulations, then to the dural sinus, and into the venous drainage system for reabsorption. Under typical conditions, daily production of CSF approximately equals absorption.
The most common mechanism of hydrocephalus is obstruction to CSF circulation (classified as noncommunicating hydrocephalus) with dilatation of the ventricular system proximal to the obstruction. Etiologies of hydrocephalus that result in obstruction include myelomeningocele, brain tumors,...
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