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99: Bronchiolitis
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Published:May 2023
Samantha A. House, DO, MPH, FAAP, Shawn L. Ralston, MD, MS, "Bronchiolitis", Caring for the Hospitalized Child: A Handbook of Inpatient Pediatrics, American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Hospital Medicine, Jeffrey C. Gershel, MD, FAAP, Daniel A. Rauch, MD, FAAP, SFHM
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Bronchiolitis refers to the clinical presentation of certain viral lower respiratory tract infections in young children. Although there is some controversy about the age limits of bronchiolitis, most consider this to be a disease observed in children younger than 18 to 24 months. The typical presentation is one of obstructive lung disease caused by edema and increased mucus production involving the small airways. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the classic (and most common) etiologic agent, but many other viruses are implicated. Coinfection with more than 1 virus can also occur.
In general, bronchiolitis is a self-limited disease, and therapy is...