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100: Community-Acquired Pneumonia
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Published:May 2023
Ricardo A. Quinonez, MD, FAAP, FHM, "Community-Acquired Pneumonia", Caring for the Hospitalized Child: A Handbook of Inpatient Pediatrics, American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Hospital Medicine, Jeffrey C. Gershel, MD, FAAP, Daniel A. Rauch, MD, FAAP, SFHM
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Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) occurs in a previously healthy child and is caused by an infection of the pulmonary parenchyma that has been acquired outside of the hospital. This type of pneumonia can be complicated by pleural effusion, abscess, or necrosis, in which case the term complicated pneumonia is used. Although the etiology of CAP varies by age, about 15% of cases are bacterial in origin. Viral infections (respiratory syncytial virus in particular, as well as influenza, parainfluenza, adenovirus, and acute COVID-19 disease) are the most common causes of CAP in hospitalized children.
Although universal vaccination against Streptococcus pneumoniae has decreased...
