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Croup, or acute laryngotracheobronchitis, is an early childhood viral syndrome characterized by acute laryngeal and subglottic swelling resulting in the sudden onset of a barky cough, inspiratory stridor, hoarse voice, and respiratory distress. Onset of these symptoms in a young child with acute worsening, usually in the early hours of the morning, and associated disruption of family routine may lead to substantial anxiety in both the child and the caretaker.

The cause of croup is primarily parainfluenza type 1.1  Other viruses implicated in the cause are parainfluenza types 2 and 3; influenza A and B; adenovirus; respiratory syncytial virus;...

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