Completely revised and updated, the second edition of this authoritative guide provides the latest information on the diagnosis, treatment, and ongoing management of pulmonary issues in children. Available for purchase at https://www.aap.org/Pediatric-Pulmonology-2nd-Edition-Paperback
24: Nontuberculous Mycobacteria
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Published:November 2023
Stacey L. Martiniano, MD, Patricia Lenhart-Pendergrass, MD, PhD, Kenneth N. Olivier, MD, MPH, "Nontuberculous Mycobacteria", Pediatric Pulmonology, American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Pediatric Pulmonology and Sleep Medicine, Michael J. Light, MD, FAAP, Kristin Van Hook, MD, MPH, FAAP
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All species of mycobacteria, with the exception of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium leprae, and Mycobacterium ulcerans, can be categorized as nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). More than 200 different species of NTM have been reported in the literature to date,1 but only a small subset are associated with human disease. Nontuberculous mycobacteria are found ubiquitously in the environment, including soil, dust, and water sources such as tap water and even hospital water sources.2 Unlike M tuberculosis infections, NTM infections are almost exclusively caused by direct acquisition from the environment, although results from whole-genome sequencing studies suggest that direct...
