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Bernard is a 15-year-old boy with no significant medical history who presents to the emergency department (ED) with abdominal pain and diarrhea that he has had for about 2 weeks. The ED physician calls you because she is concerned about his pain and hydration status and would like you to evaluate him for possible admission. She also mentions that Bernard has noticed blood in his stool for the past 2 to 3 days. In the ED, Bernard received a 1-L intravenous (IV) bolus of normal saline (0.9%) for tachycardia and dehydration and 1 dose of IV morphine for his abdominal pain, which is a 7 on a scale of 10. After speaking to the ED physician, you begin your patient evaluation.

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