All drugs containing pseudoephe drine, the most commonly used over-the-counter (OTC) decongestant, are now stocked behind pharmacy counters and may be purchased only in limited quantities after consumers show identification and sign a logbook.
This change resulted from the Combat Methamphetamine Act, which was incorporated into the USA Patriot Improvement and Reauthorization Act of 2005,because pseudoephedrine is a key ingredient in making methamphetamine, a highly addictive and illegal stimulant.
Since the efficacy of other OTC cough and cold medications has been questioned, the change in the distribution of pseudoephedrine makes it timely to review the evidence regarding oral and topical nasal decongestants.
Oral and topical nasal decongestants are sympathomimetic agents that purportedly decrease nasal congestion by causing vasoconstriction. The reduced blood flow to the nasal mucosa and sinuses improves edema and increases the patency of the nasal passages. Currently available oral drugs include pseudoephedrine and phenylephrine; topical agents include oxymetazoline...
