Minor injuries and illnesses can occur in children during the course of the school day. They are usually well-handled by the school nurse in consultation with a physician who serves as the school medical advisor. True medical emergencies are quite rare. Many school systems have part-time school medical advisors and nurses who are responsible for more than one school building and may not be readily available. Therefore, the burden of emergency recognition and management may fall on teachers, principals, or other personnel within a school.

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