Restrictive Eating Disorders: Accelerating Treatment Outcomes in the Medical Hospital

Pediatric patients with anorexia nervosa and atypical anorexia nervosa may present to hospitals with significant vital sign instability or serum laboratory abnormalities necessitating inpatient medical hospitalization. These patients require specialized care, numerous resources, and interdisciplinary collaboration during what can be a protracted admission. Recent evidence informs areas in which care can be accelerated, and published protocols from major children’s hospitals are helpful roadmaps to creating a streamlined hospitalization. In our narrative review, we focused on 3 key areas: (1) implementation of a rapid nutritional rehabilitation program; (2) assessment and management of the refeeding syndrome; and (3) early integration of psychoeducation and therapeutic interventions during inpatient hospitalization. A practical review of the literature in these 3 areas will give concrete, actionable information to pediatric hospitalists as they care for young people with restrictive eating disorders.