Key Points
Pneumonia is a common illness in children younger than 5 years.
Pneumonia is often caused by viruses in infants and young children for which supportive care is the mainstay of treatment.
Streptococcus pneumoniae remains the most common bacterial organism in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).
Chest radiographs and laboratory data are not indicated for children with uncomplicated CAP, who do not require inpatient care.
If bacterial disease is suspected, treatment with oral high-dose amoxicillin for mild to moderate disease is recommended in the outpatient setting.
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