• Seizures are one of the most common neurological manifesting symptoms in the pediatric age-group.

  • Neonates experience a higher incidence of seizure than older children with a specific origin identified in most cases.

  • Electroencephalography (EEG) should be the first-line diagnostic evaluation to identify the focus of origin and type of seizure.

  • Imaging is recommended in certain situations: A computed tomographic (CT) head scan should be obtained without delay when trauma and intracranial hemorrhage are suspected. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is recommended for focal/multiple seizures, status epilepticus, an underlying condition with seizure risk, atypical neurological examination findings, or focal abnormalities on EEG.

  • Immediate management should focus on opening the airway, supporting breathing, and preventing injuries. Intravenous (IV) lorazepam 0.05 to 0.10 mg/kg can be given over 2 to 5 minutes for a seizure lasting longer than 5 minutes.

Topics:
epilepsy, seizures, seizures, focal, lennox-gastaut syndrome, convulsions in the newborn, anticonvulsants, infantile spasms, absence epilepsy, tonic - clonic seizures
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