Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common neurodevelopmental disorder in childhood, affecting approximately 6.5 million US children.1 ADHD is a serious, chronic health condition that can have profound effects on children’s academic performance, social relationships, and mental health.2,3 As these children grow up, ADHD is associated with adverse outcomes in adulthood, including lower occupational attainment and increased risk for substance use disorders, automotive accidents, incarceration, and even risk of premature death.4–6
ADHD requires a multimodal treatment approach that combines behavioral, educational, and pharmacological treatments.7 Although evidence-based psychosocial interventions have the potential to improve long term outcomes in children with ADHD, they are often not covered by insurance.7–9 Coupled with a limited number of available clinicians and long waitlists, inequity in access to psychosocial treatment compounds the adverse impact of ADHD on many children. In general, pharmacological treatments, such as stimulant medications, have been...
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