The 2022 recommended childhood and adolescent immunization schedules have been approved by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), American Academy of Pediatrics, American Academy of Family Physicians, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, American College of Nurse-Midwives, American Academy of Physician Assistants, and National Association of Pediatric Nurse Practitioners. The schedules are revised annually to reflect current recommendations for the use of vaccines licensed by the US Food and Drug Administration.
The 2022 childhood and adolescent immunization schedule has been updated to ensure consistency between the formats of the childhood and adolescent and the adult immunization schedules. Similar to last year, the cover page includes a table with an alphabetical listing of vaccines, approved abbreviations for each vaccine, and vaccine trade names.
Table 1 contains the recommended immunization schedule from birth to 18 years of age.
Table 2 is the catch-up immunization schedule for persons 4 months to 18 years of age who start late or who are more than 1 month behind the recommended age for vaccine administration.
Table 3 lists the vaccines that may be indicated for children and adolescents 18 years of age or younger on the basis of medical conditions.
Similar to the 2021 schedule, the notes are presented in alphabetical order. The following changes to individual footnotes have been made to the 2022 schedule:
In “Additional Information,” the text in the section on COVID-19 vaccination recommendations has been updated.
For dengue vaccination:
○ A new section has been added that contains information regarding routine recommendation for use of dengue vaccine.
For Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccination:
○ Text has been edited to include recommendations for use of Vaxelis for routine and catch-up vaccination.
For hepatitis A vaccination:
○ The note was updated to clarify the age for routine vaccination.
For human papillomavirus vaccination (HPV):
○ The note has been updated to clarify when an HPV series is complete, and no additional dose of HPV is recommended.
○ The Special Situations section was updated to clarify persons with immunocompromising conditions (including HIV infection) should receive 3 doses of HPV vaccine, regardless of the age at initial vaccination.
For measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccination:
○ The section on routine vaccination was updated to include recommendations for the use of the combination measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella vaccine (MMRV).
For meningococcal serogroup A, C, W, and Y vaccines (MenACWY):
○ Text has been added to clarify MenACWY vaccines can be simultaneously administered with serogroup B meningococcal (MenB) vaccines if indicated but at different anatomic sites, if feasible.
○ In the Special Situations section, the language for the dosing schedule for Menveo in infants was edited for clarity.
Other notable changes in the 2022 child and adolescent immunization schedule include the following:
Cover page: Dengue vaccine (Dengvaxia) has been added to the table of vaccine abbreviations/trade names.
Table 1 (Recommended Child and Adolescent Immunization Schedule by Age):
○ Introductory sentences: The text “School entry and adolescent vaccine age groups are shaded in gray” has been removed.
○ The colors of the age columns 4 to 6 years, 11 to 12 years, and 16 years have been changed to make similar to the other columns in the table.
○ HPV row: For the column representing ages 9 to 10 years, the color was changed from blue with an asterisk to yellow with a check mark. The legend now reads “Recommended vaccination can begin in this age group.”
○ Tdap (tetanus, diphtheria, acellular pertussis) row: The overlying text “Tdap” in the column representing ages 11 to 12 years has been changed to “1 dose.”
○ A new row was added for dengue vaccine.
Table 2 (Catch-up Immunization Schedule for Persons 4 Months to 18 Years of Age):
○ H influenzae type b row: The text for the minimum interval between dose 2 and dose 3 has been edited to include Vaxelis and remove Comvax.
○ A new row was added for dengue vaccine.
Table 3 (Recommended Child and Adolescent Immunization Schedule by Medical Condition):
○ HIV infection: The descriptive text for the subcolumn was edited and now reads “<15% or total CD4 cell count of <200/mm3.”
○ Legend: The text that defines the checked yellow box has been edited to include “or vaccine.” The text now reads “Vaccination is recommended, and additional doses may be necessary based on medical condition or vaccine. See Notes.”
○ A new row was added for dengue vaccine.
The 2022 version of Tables 1 through 3 and the notes are available on the American Academy of Pediatrics Web site (https://redbook.solutions.aap.org/SS/Immunization_Schedules.asp) and the CDC Web site (www.cdc.gov/vaccines/schedules/hcp/child- adolescent.html). A parent-friendly vaccine schedule for children and adolescents is available at www.cdc.gov/vaccines/schedules/index.html. An adult immunization schedule is published in February of each year and is available at www.cdc.gov/vaccines/schedules/hcp/adult.html.
Clinically significant adverse events that follow immunization should be reported to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System. Guidance about how to obtain and complete a Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System form can be obtained at www.vaers.hhs.gov or by calling 800-822-7967. Additional information can be found in the Red Book and at Red Book Online (https://publications.aap.org/redbook). Statements from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices and CDC that contain detailed recommendations for individual vaccines, including recommendations for children with high-risk conditions, are available at www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/acip-recs/index.html. Information on new vaccine releases, vaccine supplies, and interim recommendations resulting from vaccine shortages and statements on specific vaccines can be found at www.aapredbook.org/news/vaccstatus.shtml.
Committee on Infectious Diseases, 2021–2022
Yvonne A. Maldonado, MD, FAAP, Chairperson
Sean T. O’Leary, MD, MPH, FAAP, Vice Chairperson
Monica I. Ardura, DO, MSCS, FAAP
Ritu Banerjee, MD, PhD, FAAP
Kristina A. Bryant, MD, FAAP
James D. Campbell, MD, MS, FAAP
Mary T. Caserta, MD, FAAP
Chandy C. John, MD, MS, FAAP
Jeffrey S. Gerber, MD, PhD, FAAP
Athena P. Kourtis, MD, PhD, MPH, FAAP
Adam J. Ratner, MD, MPH, FAAP
José R. Romero, MD, FAAP
Samir S. Shah, MD, MSCE, FAAP
Kenneth M. Zangwill, MD, FAAP
Ex Officio
David W. Kimberlin, MD, FAAP, Red Book Editor
Elizabeth D. Barnett MD, FAAP, Red Book Associate Editor
Ruth Lynfield, MD, FAAP, Red Book Associate Editor
Mark H. Sawyer, MD, FAAP, Red Book Associate Editor
Henry H. Bernstein, DO, MHCM, FAAP, Red Book Online Associate Editor
Liaisons
Karen M. Farizo, MD, US Food and Drug Administration
Lisa M. Kafer, MD, FAAP, Committee on Practice Ambulatory Medicine
David Kim, MD, Department of Health and Human Services Office of Infectious Disease and HIV/AIDS Policy
Eduardo López Medina, MD, MSc, Sociedad Latinoamericana de Infectologia Pediatrica
Denee Moore, MD, FAAFP, American Academy of Family Physicians
Lakshmi Panagiotakopoulos, MD, MPH, FAAP, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Laura Sauvé, MD, MPH, FRCPS, Canadian Paediatric Society
Neil S. Silverman, MD, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
Jeffrey R. Starke, MD, FAAP, American Thoracic Society
Kay M. Tomashek, MD, MPH, DTM, National Institutes of Health
Melinda Wharton, MD, MPH, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Staff
Jennifer M. Frantz, MPH
This document is copyrighted and is property of the American Academy of Pediatrics and its Board of Directors. All authors have filed conflict of interest statements with the American Academy of Pediatrics. Any conflicts have been resolved through a process approved by the Board of Directors. The American Academy of Pediatrics has neither solicited nor accepted any commercial involvement in the development of the content of this publication.
The recommendations in this report do not indicate an exclusive course of treatment or serve as a standard of medical care. Variations, taking into account individual circumstances, may be appropriate.
All policy statements from the American Academy of Pediatrics automatically expire 5 years after publication unless reaffirmed, revised, or retired at or before that time.
Comments