Environmental Health

Lauren Zajac, MD, MPH, FAAP; Philip J. Landrigan, MD, MSc, FAAP; and the Council on Environmental Health and Climate Change; Lauren Zajac, MD, MHP, FAAP; Sophie J. Balk, MD, FAAP; Lori G. Byron, MD, FAAP; Gredia Mariaez Huerta-Montañ, MD, FAAP; Philip J. Landrigan, MD, FAAP; Steven M. Marcus, MD, FAAP; Abby L. Nerlinger, MD, FAAP; Lisa H. Patel, MD, FAAP; Rebecca Philipsborn, MD, FAAP; Alan D. Woolf, MD, MPH, FAAP

Lauren Zajac, MD, MPH, FAAP; Philip J. Landrigan, MD, MSc, FAAP; and the COUNCIL ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND CLIMATE CHANGE; Lauren Zajac, MD, MHP, FAAP; Sophie J. Balk, MD, FAAP; Lori G. Byron, MD, FAAP; Gredia Maria Huerta-Montañez, MD, FAAP; Philip J. Landrigan, MD, FAAP; Steven M. Marcus, MD, FAAP; Abby L. Nerlinger, MD, FAAP; Lisa H. Patel, MD, FAAP; Rebecca Philipsborn, MD, FAAP; Alan D. Woolf, MD, MPH, FAAP

Samantha Ahdoot, MD, FAAP; Carl R. Baum, MD, FACMT, FAAP; Mary Bono Cataletto, MD, FAAP, FCCP; Patrick Hogan, MD; Christina B. Wu, MD, MPH, FAAP; Aaron Bernstein, MD, MPH, FAAP; COUNCIL ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND CLIMATE CHANGE; Aparna Bole, MD, FAAP; Sophie J. Balk, MD, FAAP; Lori G. Byron, MD, FAAP; Gredia Maria Huerta-Montañez, MD, FAAP; Philip J. Landrigan, MD, FAAP; Steven M. Marcus, MD, FAAP; Abby L. Nerlinger, MD, FAAP; Lisa H. Patel, MD, FAAP; Rebecca Philipsborn, MD, FAAP; Alan D. Woolf, MD, MPH, FAAP; Lauren Zajac, MD, MHP, FAAP; Kimberly A. Gray, PhD; Jeanne Briskin; Nathaniel G. DeNicola, MD, MSc; Matt Karwowski, MD, MPH, FAAP; Mary H. Ward, PhD; Paul Spire; COUNCIL ON CHILDREN AND DISASTERS; Steven E. Krug, MD, FAAP; Sarita Chung, MD, FAAP; Carl R. Baum, MD, FACMT, FAAP; Deanna L. Dahl-Grove, MD, FAAP; H. Dele Davies, MD, MS, MHCM, FAAP; Eric J. Dziuban, MD, DTM, CPH, FAAP; Aaron H. Gardner, MD, MS, FAAP; Stephanie E. Griese, MD, MPH, FAAP; Scott M. Needle, MD, FAAP; David J. Schonfeld, MD, FAAP; Joelle N. Simpson, MD, MPH, FAAP; Stephanie Smiley, MA; SECTION ON PEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY AND SLEEP MEDICINE; Richard M. Kravitz, MD, FAAP; Rajeev Bhatia, MD, FAAP; Theresa W. Guilbert, MD, FAAP; Brooke Gustafson, MD, FAAP; Binal Kancherla, MD, FAAP; Benjamin Kopp, MD, FAAP; Susan L. Millard, MD, FAAP, FCCP; Rebekah J. Nevel, MD, FAAP; Andrew G. Sokolow, MD, FAAP; Kristin Van Hook, MD, FAAP; Laura N. Laskosz, MPH; SECTION ON MINORITY HEALTH, EQUITY, AND INCLUSION; Nia Heard Garris, MD, MSc, FAAP; Kimberly Brown, MD, FAAP; Nathan Chomilo, MD, FAAP; Nathaniel Jones, MD; Patricia Rodriguez, MD, FAAP; Valencia Walker, MD, FAAP; Ngozi Onyema-Melton

Samantha Ahdoot, MD, FAAP; Carl R. Baum, MD, FACMT, FAAP; Mary Bono Cataletto, MD, FAAP, FCCP; Patrick Hogan, MD; Christina B. Wu, MD, MPH, FAAP; Aaron Bernstein, MD, MPH, FAAP; COUNCIL ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND CLIMATE CHANGE; Aparna Bole, MD, FAAP; Sophie J. Balk, MD, FAAP; Lori G. Byron, MD, FAAP; Gredia Maria Huerta-Montañez, MD, FAAP; Philip J. Landrigan, MD, FAAP; Steven M. Marcus, MD, FAAP; Abby L. Nerlinger, MD, FAAP; Lisa H. Patel, MD, FAAP; Rebecca Philipsborn, MD, FAAP; Alan D. Woolf, MD, MPH, FAAP; Lauren Zajac, MD, MHP, FAAP; Kimberly A. Gray, PhD; Jeanne Briskin; Nathaniel G. DeNicola, MD, MSc; Matt Karwowski, MD, MPH, FAAP; Mary H. Ward, PhD; Paul Spire; COUNCIL ON CHILDREN AND DISASTERS; Steven E. Krug, MD, FAAP; Sarita Chung, MD, FAAP; Carl R. Baum, MD, FACMT, FAAP; Deanna L. Dahl-Grove, MD, FAAP; H. Dele Davies, MD, MS, MHCM, FAAP; Eric J. Dziuban, MD, DTM, CPH, FAAP; Aaron H. Gardner, MD, MS, FAAP; Stephanie E. Griese, MD, MPH, FAAP; Scott M. Needle, MD, FAAP; David J. Schonfeld, MD, FAAP; Joelle N. Simpson, MD, MPH, FAAP; Stephanie Smiley, MA; SECTION ON PEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY AND SLEEP MEDICINE; Richard M. Kravitz, MD, FAAP; Rajeev Bhatia, MD, FAAP; Theresa W. Guilbert, MD, FAAP; Brooke Gustafson, MD, FAAP; Binal Kancherla, MD, FAAP; Benjamin Kopp, MD, FAAP; Susan L. Millard, MD, FAAP, FCCP; Rebekah J. Nevel, MD, FAAP; Andrew G. Sokolow, MD, FAAP; Kristin Van Hook, MD, FAAP; Laura N. Laskosz, MPH; SECTION ON MINORITY HEALTH, EQUITY, AND INCLUSION; Nia Heard Garris, MD, MSc, FAAP; Kimberly Brown, MD, FAAP; Nathan Chomilo, MD, FAAP; Nathaniel Jones, MD; Patricia Rodriguez, MD, FAAP; Valencia Walker, MD, FAAP; Ngozi Onyema-Melton

Aparna Bole, MD, FAAP; Aaron Bernstein, MD, MPH, FAAP; Michelle J. White, MD, MPH, FAAP; COUNCIL ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND CLIMATE CHANGE; Aparna Bole, MD, FAAP; Sophie J. Balk, MD, FAAP; Lori G. Byron, MD, FAAP; Gredia Maria Huerta-Montañez, MD, FAAP; Philip J. Landrigan, MD, FAAP; Steven M. Marcus, MD, FAAP; Abby L. Nerlinger, MD, FAAP; Lisa H. Patel, MD, FAAP; Rebecca Philipsborn, MD, FAAP; Alan D. Woolf, MD, MPH, FAAP; Lauren Zajac, MD, MHP, FAAP; Kimberly A. Gray, PhD; Jeanne Briskin; Nathaniel G. DeNicola, MD, MSc; Matt Karwowski, MD, MPH, FAAP; Mary H. Ward, PhD; Paul Spire; SECTION ON MINORITY HEALTH, EQUITY, AND INCLUSION; Nia Heard Garris, MD, MSc, FAAP; Kimberly Brown, MD, FAAP; Nathan Chomilo, MD, FAAP; Nathaniel Jones, MD; Patricia Rodriguez, MD, FAAP; Valencia Walker, MD, FAAP; Ngozi Onyema-Melton

Aparna Bole, MD, FAAP; Aaron Bernstein, MD, MPH, FAAP; Michelle J. White, MD, MPH, FAAP; COUNCIL ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND CLIMATE CHANGE; Aparna Bole, MD, FAAP; Sophie J. Balk, MD, FAAP; Lori G. Byron, MD, FAAP; Gredia Maria Huerta-Montañez, MD, FAAP; Philip J. Landrigan, MD, FAAP; Steven M. Marcus, MD, FAAP; Abby L. Nerlinger, MD, FAAP; Lisa H. Patel, MD, FAAP; Rebecca Philipsborn, MD, FAAP; Alan D. Woolf, MD, MPH, FAAP; Lauren Zajac, MD, MHP, FAAP; Kimberly A. Gray, PhD; Jeanne Briskin; Nathaniel G. DeNicola, MD, MSc; Matt Karwowski, MD, MPH, FAAP; Mary H. Ward, PhD; Paul Spire; SECTION ON MINORITY HEALTH, EQUITY, AND INCLUSION; Nia Heard Garris, MD, MSc, FAAP; Kimberly Brown, MD, FAAP; Nathan Chomilo, MD, FAAP; Nathaniel Jones, MD; Patricia Rodriguez, MD, FAAP; Valencia Walker, MD, FAAP; Ngozi Onyema-Melton

Sophie J. Balk, MD, FAAP; Risa E. Bochner, MD, FAAP; Mahindra A. Ramdhanie, AuD, FAAA, CCC-A; Brian K. Reilly, MD, FAAP, FACS; COUNCIL ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND CLIMATE CHANGE; Aparna Bole, MD, FAAP; Sophie J. Balk, MD, FAAP; Lori G. Byron, MD, FAAP; Gredia Maria Huerta-Montañez, MD, FAAP; Steven M. Marcus, MD, FAAP; Abby L. Nerlinger, MD, FAAP; Nicholas C. Newman, DO, FAAP; Lisa H. Patel, MD, FAAP; Rebecca Philipsborn, MD, FAAP; Alan D. Woolf, MD, MPH, FAAP; Lauren Zajac, MD, MHP, FAAP; Aaron Bernstein, MD, MPH, FAAP; Philip J. Landrigan, MD, FAAP; Jeanne Briskin; Nathaniel G. DeNicola, MD, MSc; Kimberly A. Gray, PhD; Matt Karwowski, MD, MPH, FAAP; Mary H. Ward, PhD; Paul Spire; SECTION ON OTOLARYNGOLOGY–HEAD AND NECK SURGERY; Steven E. Sobol, MD, FAAP; Kristina W. Rosbe, MD, FAAP; Cristina Marie Baldassari, MD, FAAP; G. Paul DiGoy, MD, FAAP; Kris R. Jatana, MD, FAAP; Anna Katrine Meyer, MD, FAAP; Peggy Elaine Kelley, MD, FAAP; Eileen Margolies Raynor, MD, FAAP; Brian Kip Reilly, MD, FAAP; Jeffrey Philip Simons, MD, FAAP; Vivian B. Thorne

Sophie J. Balk, MD, FAAP; Risa E. Bochner, MD, FAAP; Mahindra A. Ramdhanie, AuD, FAAA, CCC-A; Brian K. Reilly, MD, FAAP, FACS; COUNCIL ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND CLIMATE CHANGE; Aparna Bole, MD, FAAP; Sophie J. Balk, MD, FAAP; Lori G. Byron, MD, FAAP; Gredia Maria Huerta-Montañez, MD, FAAP; Steven M. Marcus, MD, FAAP; Abby L. Nerlinger, MD, FAAP; Nicholas C. Newman, DO, FAAP; Lisa H. Patel, MD, FAAP; Rebecca Philipsborn, MD, FAAP; Alan D. Woolf, MD, MPH, FAAP; Lauren Zajac, MD, MHP, FAAP; Aaron Bernstein, MD, MPH, FAAP; Philip J. Landrigan, MD, FAAP; Jeanne Briskin; Nathaniel G. DeNicola, MD, MSc; Kimberly A. Gray, PhD; Matt Karwowski, MD, MPH, FAAP; Mary H. Ward, PhD; Paul Spire; SECTION ON OTOLARYNGOLOGY–HEAD AND NECK SURGERY; Steven E. Sobol, MD, FAAP; Kristina W. Rosbe, MD, FAAP; Cristina Marie Baldassari, MD, FAAP; G. Paul DiGoy, MD, FAAP; Kris R. Jatana, MD, FAAP; Anna Katrine Meyer, MD, FAAP; Peggy Elaine Kelley, MD, FAAP; Eileen Margolies Raynor, MD, FAAP; Brian Kip Reilly, MD, FAAP; Jeffrey Philip Simons, MD, FAAP; Vivian B. Thorne

Alan D. Woolf, MD, MPH, FAAP; Bryan D. Stierman, MD, FAAP; Elizabeth D. Barnett, MD, FAAP; Lori G. Byron, MD, FAAP; COUNCIL ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND CLIMATE CHANGE; Alan D. Woolf, MD, MPH, FAAP; Bryan D. Stierman, MD, FAAP; Elizabeth D. Barnett, MD, FAAP; Lori G. Byron, MD, FAAP; Aparna Bole, MD, FAAP; Sophie J. Balk, MD, FAAP; Lori G. Byron, MD, FAAP; Gredia Maria Huerta-Montañez, MD, FAAP; Philip J. Landrigan, MD, FAAP; Steven M. Marcus, MD, FAAP; Abby L. Nerlinger, MD, FAAP; Lisa H. Patel, MD, FAAP; Rebecca Philipsborn, MD, FAAP; Alan D. Woolf, MD, MPH, FAAP; Lauren Zajac, MD, MHP, FAAP; Kimberly A. Gray, PhD; Jeanne Briskin; Nathaniel G. DeNicola, MD, MSc; CDR Matt Karwowski, MD, MPH, FAAP; Aaron Briggs, MD; Mary H. Ward, PhD; Paul Spire; COMMITTEE ON INFECTIOUS DISEASES; Yvonne A. Maldonado, MD, FAAP; Sean T. O’Leary, MD, MPH, FAAP; Monica I. Ardura, DO, MSCS, FAAP; Ritu Banerjee, MD, PhD, FAAP; Kristina A Bryant, MD, FAAP; James D. Campbell, MD, MS, FAAP; Mary T. Caserta, MD, FAAP; Chandy C. John, MD, MS, FAAP; Jeffrey S. Gerber, MD, PhD, FAAP; Athena P. Kourtis, MD, PhD, MPH, FAAP; Adam J. Ratner, MD, MPH, FAAP; José R. Romero, MD, FAAP; Samir S. Shah, MD, MSCE, FAAP; Kenneth M. Zangwill, MD, FAAP; David W. Kimberlin, MD, FAAP; Elizabeth D. Barnett, MD, FAAP; Ruth Lynfield, MD, FAAP; Mark H. Sawyer, MD, FAAP; Henry H. Bernstein, DO, MHCM, FAAP; Karen M. Farizo, MD; Lisa M. Kafer, MD, FAAP; David Kim, MD; Eduardo López Medina, MD, MSc; Denee Moore, MD, FAAFP; Lakshmi Panagiotakopoulos, MD, MPH, FAAP; Laura Sauvé, MD, MPH, FRCPS; Neil S. Silverman, MD; Jeffrey R. Starke, MD, FAAP; Kay M. Tomashek, MD, MPH, DTM; Melinda Wharton, MD, MPH; Jennifer M. Frantz, MPH

Alan D. Woolf, MD, MPH, FAAP; Bryan D. Stierman, MD, FAAP; Elizabeth D. Barnett, MD, FAAP; Lori G. Byron, MD, FAAP; COUNCIL ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND CLIMATE CHANGE; Alan D. Woolf, MD, MPH, FAAP; Bryan D. Stierman, MD, FAAP; Elizabeth D. Barnett, MD, FAAP; Lori G. Byron, MD; Aparna Bole, MD; Sophie J. Balk, MD, FAAP; Gredia Maria Huerta-Montañez, MD, FAAP; Philip J. Landrigan, MD, FAAP; Steven M. Marcus, MD, FAAP; Abby L. Nerlinger, MD, FAAP; Lisa H. Patel, MD, FAAP; Rebecca Philipsborn, MD, FAAP; Lauren Zajac, MD, MHP, FAAP; Kimberly A. Gray, PhD; Jeanne Briskin; Nathaniel G. DeNicola, MD, MSc; CDR Matt Karwowski, MD, MPH, FAAP; Aaron Briggs, MD; Mary H. Ward, PhD; COMMITTEE ON INFECTIOUS DISEASES; Yvonne A. Maldonado, MD; Sean T. O’Leary, MD, MPH, FAAP; Monica I. Ardura, DO, MSCS, FAAP; Ritu Banerjee, MD, PhD, FAAP; Kristina A Bryant, MD, FAAP; James D. Campbell, MD, MS, FAAP; Mary T. Caserta, MD, FAAP; Chandy C. John, MD, MS, FAAP; Jeffrey S. Gerber, MD, PhD, FAAP; Athena P. Kourtis, MD, PhD, MPH, FAAP; Adam J. Ratner, MD, MPH, FAAP; José R. Romero, MD, FAAP; Samir S. Shah, MD, MSCE, FAAP; Kenneth M. Zangwill, MD, FAAP; David W. Kimberlin, MD, FAAP; Ruth Lynfield, MD, FAAP; Mark H. Sawyer, MD, FAAP; Henry H. Bernstein, DO, MHCM, FAAP; Karen M. Farizo, MD; Lisa M. Kafer, MD, FAAP; David Kim, MD; Eduardo López Medina, MD, MSc; Denee Moore, MD, FAAFP; Lakshmi Panagiotakopoulos, MD, MPH, FAAP; Laura Sauvé, MD, MPH, FRCPS; Neil S. Silverman, MD; Jeffrey R. Starke, MD, FAAP; Kay M. Tomashek, MD, MPH, DTM; Melinda Wharton, MD, MPH; Jennifer M. Frantz, MPH

Heather L. Brumberg, MD, MPH, FAAP; Catherine J. Karr, MD, PhD, FAAP; Aparna Bole, MD, FAAP; Samantha Ahdoot, MD, FAAP; Sophie J. Balk, MD, FAAP; Aaron S. Bernstein, MD, MPH, FAAP; Lori G. Byron, MD, FAAP; Philip J. Landrigan, MD, FAAP; Steven M. Marcus, MD, FAAP; Abby L. Nerlinger, MD, FAAP; Susan E. Pacheco, MD, FAAP; Alan D. Woolf, MD, MPH, FAAP; Lauren Zajac, MD, MHP, FAAP; Carl R. Baum, MD, FACMT, FAAP; Carla C. Campbell, MD, MS, FAAP; Jennifer A. Sample, MD, FAAP; Adam J. Spanier, MD, PhD, MPH, FAAP; Leonardo Trasande, MD, MPP, FAAP

Aaron S. Bernstein, MD; Emily Oken, MD; Sarah de Ferranti, MD; COUNCIL ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH; COMMITTEE ON NUTRITION; Jennifer Ann Lowry, MD; Samantha Ahdoot, MD; Carl R. Baum, MD; Aparna Bole, MD; Lori G. Byron, MD; Philip J. Landrigan, MD; Steven M. Marcus, MD; Susan E. Pacheco, MD; Adam J. Spanier, MD; Alan Woolf, MD; Steven A. Abrams, MD; George J. Fuchs, III, MD; Jae Hong Kim, MD; C. Wesley Lindsey, MD; Sheela Natesh Magge, MD; Ellen S. Rome, MD; Sarah J. Schwarzenberg, MD

Martha S. Linet, MD; Ziad Kazzi, MD; Jerome A. Paulson, MD; COUNCIL ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH; Jennifer Ann Lowry, MD; Samantha Ahdoot, MD; Carl R. Baum, MD; Aaron S. Bernstein, MD; Aparna Bole, MD; Lori G. Byron, MD; Philip J. Landrigan, MD; Steven M. Marcus, MD; Susan E. Pacheco, MD; Adam J. Spanier, MD; Alan D. Woolf, MD

Jerome A. Paulson, MD; COUNCIL ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH; Jennifer Ann Lowry, MD; Samantha Ahdoot, MD; Carl R. Baum, MD; Aaron S. Bernstein, MD; Aparna Bole, MD; Lori G. Byron, MD; Philip J. Landrigan, MD; Steven M. Marcus, MD; Susan E. Pacheco, MD; Adam J. Spanier, MD; Alan D. Woolf, MD

Leonardo Trasande, MD; Rachel M. Shaffer, MPH; Sheela Sathyanarayana, MD; COUNCIL ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH; Jennifer A. Lowry, MD; Samantha Ahdoot, MD; Carl R. Baum, MD; FACMT; Aaron S. Bernstein, MD; Aparna Bole, MD; Carla C. Campbell, MD; Philip J. Landrigan, MD; Susan E. Pacheco, MD; Adam J. Spanier, MD; Alan D. Woolf, MD

Leonardo Trasande, MD; Rachel M. Shaffer, MPH; Sheela Sathyanarayana, MD; COUNCIL ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH; Jennifer A. Lowry, MD; Samantha Ahdoot, MD; Carl R. Baum, MD; Aaron S. Bernstein, MD; Aparna Bole, MD; Carla C. Campbell, MD; Philip J. Landrigan, MD; Susan E. Pacheco, MD; Adam J. Spanier, MD; Alan D. Woolf, MD

COUNCIL ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH; Bruce Perrin Lanphear, MD; Jennifer A. Lowry, MD; Samantha Ahdoot, MD; Carl R. Baum, MD; Aaron S. Bernstein, MD; Aparna Bole, MD; Heather Lynn Brumberg, MD; Carla C. Campbell, MD; Bruce Perrin Lanphear, MD; Susan E. Pacheco, MD; Adam J. Spanier, MD; Leonardo Trasande, MD

Jerome A. Paulson, MD; Theoklis E. Zaoutis, MD; THE COUNCIL ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH; THE COMMITTEE ON INFECTIOUS DISEASES; Jerome A. Paulson, MD; Samantha Ahdoot, MD; Carl R. Baum, MD; Aparna Bole, MD; Heather L. Brumberg, MD; Carla C. Campbell, MD; Bruce P. Lanphear, MD; Jennifer A. Lowry, MD; Susan E. Pacheco, MD; Adam J. Spanier, MD; Leonardo Trasande, MD; Carrie L. Byington, MD; Yvonne A. Maldonado, MD; Elizabeth D. Barnett, MD; H. Dele Davies, MD; Kathryn M. Edwards, MD; Mary Anne Jackson, MD; Dennis L. Murray, MD; Ann-Christine Nyquist, MD; Mobeen H. Rathore, MD; Mark H. Sawyer, MD; Gordon E. Schutze, MD; Rodney E. Willoughby, MD; Theoklis E. Zaoutis, MD

COUNCIL ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH; Jerome A. Paulson, MD; Samantha Ahdoot, MD; Carl R. Baum, MD; Aparna Bole, MD; Heather L. Brumberg, MD; Carla C. Campbell, MD; Bruce P. Lanphear, MD; Jennifer A. Lowry, MD; Susan E. Pacheco, MD; Adam J. Spanier, MD; Leonardo Trasande, MD

Samantha Ahdoot, MD; Susan E. Pacheco, MD; THE COUNCIL ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH; Jerome A. Paulson, MD; Samantha Ahdoot, MD; Carl R. Baum, MD; Aparna Bole, MD; Heather L. Brumberg, MD; Carla C. Campbell, MD; Bruce P. Lanphear, MD; Jennifer A. Lowry, MD; Susan E. Pacheco, MD; Adam J. Spanier, MD; Leonardo Trasande, MD