Editor
Alex R. Kemper, Columbus, OH
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Deputy Editor
Andrea Cruz, Houston, TX
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Editor Emeritus
Lewis R. First, Burlington, VT

Associate Editors
Alice Ackerman, Roanoke, VA
Maneesha Agarwal, Atlanta, GA
Armand Antommaria, Cincinnati, OH
Kao-Ping Chua, Ann Arbor, MI
Cara Coleman, Springfield, VA
Amy Davidow, New York, NY
Lydia Furman, Cleveland, OH
Munish Gupta, Boston, MA
Suzanne Haney, Omaha, NE
Kimberly Montez, Winston-Salem, NC
Rachel Moon, Charlottesville, VA
Jason Newland, Columbus, OH
Karen Puopolo, Philadelphia, PA
William V. Raszka, Burlington, VT

Senior Managing Editor
Kate Larson, Itasca, IL

Publications Editor
Mark Plemmons, Itasca, IL

Manuscript Editor
Karl Agger, Itasca, IL

Senior Digital Publishing Strategist
Ryan Reeh, Itasca, IL

Production Editor
Karlin Andersen Tuttle, Itasca, IL

Editorial Board
Evelyn Blankenship-Lai, Richmond, IN
Sarabeth Broder-Fingert, Worcester, MA
Eric Chow, Seattle, WA
Esther Chung, Seattle, WA
Michelle Condren, Tulsa, OK
Natalie Davis, Baltimore, MD
Matthew Garber, Jacksonville, FL
Danielle Gerber, Stoughton, WI
Gregory Gorman, Bethesda, MD
Monika Goyal, Washington, DC
Maya Haasz, Aurora, CO
Scott Hadland, Boston, MA
Tamara Hannon, Indianapolis, IN
Kengo Inagaki, Ann Arbor, MI
Shaun Kunisaki, Baltimore, MD
John Morrison, St Petersburg, FL
Christian Mpody, Columbus, OH
David Myles, Bethesda, MD
Olubukola Nafiu, Columbus, OH
Vicki Mascareño Nelson, Charlotte, VT
Amy O'Connell, Boston, MA
Preeti Panda, Stanford, CA
Michelle Parker, Cincinnati, OH
Alon Peltz, Boston, MA
Maya Ragavan, Pittsburgh, PA
Cheryl Sanchez-Kazi, Loma Linda, CA
Senthilkumar Sankararaman, Cleveland, OH
Madhumita Sinha, Phoenix, AZ
Erik Su, Houston, TX
Jonathan Teitelbaum, Long Branch, NJ

Features Editors
Susan Bannister, Calgary, AB, Council on Medical Student Education in Pediatrics
Angela Castellanos, Palo Alto, CA, Pediatric History Center
Lauren Claus, Boston, MA, Section on Pediatric Trainees
Megan McHenry, Indianapolis, IN, Global Health

Editorial Fellows
Emmanuel Aryee, Milwaukee, WI
Natalie Guerrero, Indianapolis, IN

President
Susan Kressly

Chief Executive Officer/Executive Vice President
Mark Del Monte

Publisher
American Academy of Pediatrics
Mark Grimes, Vice President, Publishing
Joe Puskarz, Director, Journal Publishing

Statement of Editorial Independence
Journals published by the American Academy of Pediatrics are editorially independent of the organization and follow the recommendations and best practices of the World Association of Medical Editors (https://www.wame.org), Committee on Publication Ethics (https://publicationethics.org), and International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (https://www.icmje.org). Editorial decisions are made by the editors and editorial boards of each journal and are not influenced in any way by the organization’s views or policies. Organization policies are published in the “From the American Academy of Pediatrics” section of Pediatrics.

Copyright © 2025 by the American Academy of Pediatrics. All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, used for the purpose of training artificial intelligence technologies or systems, or transmitted in any form or by any means—electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise—without prior permission from the American Academy of Pediatrics.