Mechanisms Leading to Cerebral Palsy
| Timing . | Type of Mechanism . | Examples . |
|---|---|---|
| Prenatal | Intrauterine pathologic processes | Placental vascular disease |
| Intrauterine growth retardation | ||
| Infection with fetal inflammatory response | ||
| Congenital or genetic anomalies | ||
| Peri-natal | Peri-partum events | Birth asphyxia |
| Chorioamnionitis | ||
| Placental abruption | ||
| Postnatal | Neonatal complications | Intraventricular hemorrhage |
| Sepsis or meningitis | ||
| Periventricular leukomalacia | ||
| Late complications | Hypoxic-ischemic brain injury | |
| Nonaccidental trauma | ||
| Meningitis or encephalitis |
| Timing . | Type of Mechanism . | Examples . |
|---|---|---|
| Prenatal | Intrauterine pathologic processes | Placental vascular disease |
| Intrauterine growth retardation | ||
| Infection with fetal inflammatory response | ||
| Congenital or genetic anomalies | ||
| Peri-natal | Peri-partum events | Birth asphyxia |
| Chorioamnionitis | ||
| Placental abruption | ||
| Postnatal | Neonatal complications | Intraventricular hemorrhage |
| Sepsis or meningitis | ||
| Periventricular leukomalacia | ||
| Late complications | Hypoxic-ischemic brain injury | |
| Nonaccidental trauma | ||
| Meningitis or encephalitis |
Adapted from Figure 1, (Stavsky, Mor et al 2017). Reproduced with permission from “Children and Youth with Complex Cerebral Palsy: Care and Management” edited by Laurie Glader and Richard Stevenson. Published by Mac Keith Press (www.mackeith.co.uk), 2019, 978-1-909-96298-9.