Clinical Findings in PWS
| Fetal |
| Breech position |
| Reduced fetal activity |
| Polyhydramnios |
| Growth |
| Short stature |
| Failure to thrive in infancy |
| Central obesity |
| Head and neck |
| Dolichocephaly |
| Narrow bitemporal diameter |
| Almond-shaped eyes |
| Strabismus |
| Up-slanting palpebral fissures |
| Myopia |
| Hyperopia |
| Thin upper lip |
| Small-appearing mouth |
| Down-turned corners of mouth |
| Thick, viscous (reduced) saliva |
| Enamel hypoplasia |
| Early dental caries |
| Dental crowding and malocclusion |
| Ocular |
| Strabismus |
| Nystagmus |
| Cataracts (rare) |
| Retinal hypopigmentation |
| Foveal hypoplasia |
| Hyperopia |
| Myopia |
| Respiratory |
| Hypoventilation |
| Obstructive sleep apnea |
| Central sleep apnea |
| Gastrointestinal |
| Feeding problems in infancy |
| Gastroesophageal reflux |
| Decreased vomiting |
| Genitourinary |
| Small penis |
| Scrotal hypoplasia |
| Cryptorchidism |
| Hypoplastic labia minora |
| Hypoplastic clitoris |
| Skeletal |
| Osteoporosis |
| Osteopenia |
| Scoliosis |
| Kyphosis |
| Small hands and feet |
| Narrow hands with straight ulnar border |
| Clinodactyly |
| Skin, nails, hair |
| Hypopigmentation |
| Blonde to light-brown hair |
| Frontal hair upsweep |
| Neurologic |
| Severe neonatal hypotonia that improves with age |
| Poor neonatal suck and swallow reflexes |
| Poor gross motor coordination |
| Poor fine motor coordination |
| Mild-to-moderate mental retardation |
| Learning disabilities |
| Increased risk of seizures |
| Global developmental delay |
| Speech-articulation problems |
| Hyperphagia |
| Sleep |
| Snoring/obstructive sleep apnea |
| Central apnea during sleep |
| Excessive daytime sleepiness |
| Early-morning waking |
| Night-awakening for food-seeking |
| Voice |
| Hypernasal speech |
| Weak or squeaky cry in infancy |
| Endocrine |
| Hyperinsulinemia |
| GH deficiency |
| Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism |
| Diabetes mellitus (type 2) |
| Behavior/mental health |
| Skin picking |
| Rectal picking |
| Food related behavioral problems |
| Temper tantrums |
| Difficulty with transitions |
| Stubbornness |
| Obsessive behaviors |
| Perseverant speech |
| Obsessive-compulsive disorder |
| Psychosis |
| Elopement |
| Miscellaneous |
| Temperature instability |
| High pain threshold |
| Unusual skill with jigsaw puzzles |
| Fetal |
| Breech position |
| Reduced fetal activity |
| Polyhydramnios |
| Growth |
| Short stature |
| Failure to thrive in infancy |
| Central obesity |
| Head and neck |
| Dolichocephaly |
| Narrow bitemporal diameter |
| Almond-shaped eyes |
| Strabismus |
| Up-slanting palpebral fissures |
| Myopia |
| Hyperopia |
| Thin upper lip |
| Small-appearing mouth |
| Down-turned corners of mouth |
| Thick, viscous (reduced) saliva |
| Enamel hypoplasia |
| Early dental caries |
| Dental crowding and malocclusion |
| Ocular |
| Strabismus |
| Nystagmus |
| Cataracts (rare) |
| Retinal hypopigmentation |
| Foveal hypoplasia |
| Hyperopia |
| Myopia |
| Respiratory |
| Hypoventilation |
| Obstructive sleep apnea |
| Central sleep apnea |
| Gastrointestinal |
| Feeding problems in infancy |
| Gastroesophageal reflux |
| Decreased vomiting |
| Genitourinary |
| Small penis |
| Scrotal hypoplasia |
| Cryptorchidism |
| Hypoplastic labia minora |
| Hypoplastic clitoris |
| Skeletal |
| Osteoporosis |
| Osteopenia |
| Scoliosis |
| Kyphosis |
| Small hands and feet |
| Narrow hands with straight ulnar border |
| Clinodactyly |
| Skin, nails, hair |
| Hypopigmentation |
| Blonde to light-brown hair |
| Frontal hair upsweep |
| Neurologic |
| Severe neonatal hypotonia that improves with age |
| Poor neonatal suck and swallow reflexes |
| Poor gross motor coordination |
| Poor fine motor coordination |
| Mild-to-moderate mental retardation |
| Learning disabilities |
| Increased risk of seizures |
| Global developmental delay |
| Speech-articulation problems |
| Hyperphagia |
| Sleep |
| Snoring/obstructive sleep apnea |
| Central apnea during sleep |
| Excessive daytime sleepiness |
| Early-morning waking |
| Night-awakening for food-seeking |
| Voice |
| Hypernasal speech |
| Weak or squeaky cry in infancy |
| Endocrine |
| Hyperinsulinemia |
| GH deficiency |
| Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism |
| Diabetes mellitus (type 2) |
| Behavior/mental health |
| Skin picking |
| Rectal picking |
| Food related behavioral problems |
| Temper tantrums |
| Difficulty with transitions |
| Stubbornness |
| Obsessive behaviors |
| Perseverant speech |
| Obsessive-compulsive disorder |
| Psychosis |
| Elopement |
| Miscellaneous |
| Temperature instability |
| High pain threshold |
| Unusual skill with jigsaw puzzles |