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TABLE 3

Demographic and Clinical Differences Between Infectious and Autoimmune Encephalitis

Etiology	Infectious Encephalitis (n = 73), /n (%)	Autoimmune Encephalitis (n = 60), n (%)	P	OR (95% CI)
Male sex	48 (66)	25 (42)	.005	2.7 (1.3–5.8)
Age 8 y or older	28 (38)	32 (53)	.08	0.54 (0.3–1.2)
Race or ethnicity other than white, non-Hispanic	42 (58)	44 (73)	.06	0.49 (0.2–1.1)
Immune compromised^a	12 (16)	2 (3)	.02	5.7 (1.2–54.1)
New onset seizure	45 (62)	39 (65)	.07	0.87 (0.4–1.9)
Abnormal MRI	53 out of 68 (78)	33 out of 59 (56)	.008	2.8 (1.2–6.5)
Abnormal EEG	47 out of 53 (89)	33 out of 42 (79)	.18	2.1 (0.6–8.0)
Hospitalized 7 d or longer	56 (77)	54 (90)	.04	0.37 (0.1–1.1)

Etiology	Infectious Encephalitis (n = 73), /n (%)	Autoimmune Encephalitis (n = 60), n (%)	P	OR (95% CI)
Male sex	48 (66)	25 (42)	.005	2.7 (1.3–5.8)
Age 8 y or older	28 (38)	32 (53)	.08	0.54 (0.3–1.2)
Race or ethnicity other than white, non-Hispanic	42 (58)	44 (73)	.06	0.49 (0.2–1.1)
Immune compromised^a	12 (16)	2 (3)	.02	5.7 (1.2–54.1)
New onset seizure	45 (62)	39 (65)	.07	0.87 (0.4–1.9)
Abnormal MRI	53 out of 68 (78)	33 out of 59 (56)	.008	2.8 (1.2–6.5)
Abnormal EEG	47 out of 53 (89)	33 out of 42 (79)	.18	2.1 (0.6–8.0)
Hospitalized 7 d or longer	56 (77)	54 (90)	.04	0.37 (0.1–1.1)

a

Cell value <5, so Fisher exact was used to calculate 2-tailed P value.