Multivariate Hierarchical Logistic Regression of Factors Associated With Use of Professional Interpretation at the Level of Individual Communication Events
| . | Among All Communications (N = 312) . | Provider Communications (n = 178)a . | Nurse Communications (n = 106)a . | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Odds Ratio (95% CI) . | P . | Odds Ratio (95% CI) . | P . | Odds Ratio (95% CI) . | P . | |
| Study arm | ||||||
| Telephone | Referent group | — | Referent group | — | Referent group | — |
| Video | 1.15 (0.55–2.42) | .71 | 2.7 (1.1–7.0) | .04 | 0.72 (0.14–3.81) | .70 |
| Health professional | ||||||
| ED attending | Referent group | — | Referent group | — | — | — |
| Consulting doctor | 0.19 (0.05–0.76) | .02 | 0.18 (0.04–0.78) | .02 | — | — |
| ED resident or nurse practitioner | 0.79 (0.29–2.09) | .63 | 0.88 (0.31–2.5) | .81 | — | — |
| Nurse | 0.28 (0.10–0.83) | .02 | — | — | — | — |
| Techs or other | 1.22 (0.11–13.75) | .87 | — | — | — | — |
| Content | ||||||
| Update or check-in | Referent group | — | Referent group | — | Referent group | — |
| Procedure | 0.02 (0.002–0.16) | <.001 | 0.03 (0.003–0.44) | .01 | —b | — |
| Vitals | 0.17 (0.04–0.77) | .02 | — | — | 0.15 (0.02–1.06) | .06 |
| Examination only | 0.05 (0.01–0.29) | .001 | 0.04 (0.006, 0.26) | .001 | — | — |
| Detailed history | 4.88 (0.92–25.80) | .06 | 2.0 (0.29–13.3) | .49 | — | — |
| Explanation or plan | 1.81 (0.80–4.09) | .15 | 1.1 (0.36–3.2) | .89 | 3.64 (0.66–19.97) | .14 |
| Medication admin | 0.05 (0.01–0.53) | .01 | — | — | 0.11 (0.01–1.51) | .10 |
| Total communication time, s | 1.003 (1.002–1.004) | <.001 | 1.006 (1.004–1.009) | <.001 | 1.002 (1.000–1.004) | .03 |
| . | Among All Communications (N = 312) . | Provider Communications (n = 178)a . | Nurse Communications (n = 106)a . | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Odds Ratio (95% CI) . | P . | Odds Ratio (95% CI) . | P . | Odds Ratio (95% CI) . | P . | |
| Study arm | ||||||
| Telephone | Referent group | — | Referent group | — | Referent group | — |
| Video | 1.15 (0.55–2.42) | .71 | 2.7 (1.1–7.0) | .04 | 0.72 (0.14–3.81) | .70 |
| Health professional | ||||||
| ED attending | Referent group | — | Referent group | — | — | — |
| Consulting doctor | 0.19 (0.05–0.76) | .02 | 0.18 (0.04–0.78) | .02 | — | — |
| ED resident or nurse practitioner | 0.79 (0.29–2.09) | .63 | 0.88 (0.31–2.5) | .81 | — | — |
| Nurse | 0.28 (0.10–0.83) | .02 | — | — | — | — |
| Techs or other | 1.22 (0.11–13.75) | .87 | — | — | — | — |
| Content | ||||||
| Update or check-in | Referent group | — | Referent group | — | Referent group | — |
| Procedure | 0.02 (0.002–0.16) | <.001 | 0.03 (0.003–0.44) | .01 | —b | — |
| Vitals | 0.17 (0.04–0.77) | .02 | — | — | 0.15 (0.02–1.06) | .06 |
| Examination only | 0.05 (0.01–0.29) | .001 | 0.04 (0.006, 0.26) | .001 | — | — |
| Detailed history | 4.88 (0.92–25.80) | .06 | 2.0 (0.29–13.3) | .49 | — | — |
| Explanation or plan | 1.81 (0.80–4.09) | .15 | 1.1 (0.36–3.2) | .89 | 3.64 (0.66–19.97) | .14 |
| Medication admin | 0.05 (0.01–0.53) | .01 | — | — | 0.11 (0.01–1.51) | .10 |
| Total communication time, s | 1.003 (1.002–1.004) | <.001 | 1.006 (1.004–1.009) | <.001 | 1.002 (1.000–1.004) | .03 |
Controlling for all listed variables, clustered by patient. —, not applicable.
The number of provider-plus-nurse communication event totals do not equal the overall total because medical communications by nurse techs and others were included in the total but not the subgroups.
No odds ratio was calculated for this predictor because there was no professional interpreter use by nurses while performing a procedure, so all observations in this category equaled 0.