TABLE 3

Baby-MONITOR Measure Scores by Race and Ethnicity Compared With White Infants

Measure and Race and EthnicityRace/Ethnicity Overall Compared With White InfantsRace/Ethnicity Within NICU Compared With White Infants in the Same NICU
No. InfantsBaby-MONITOR Score (99% CI)No. NICUsMean Baby-MONITOR Score (99% CI)
Any human milk at discharge     
 African American 48801 −2.4 (−2.5 to −2.3) 707 −1.03 (−1.16 to −0.89) 
 Hispanic 29760 −0.6 (−0.7 to −0.5) 711 −0.25 (−0.37 to −0.14) 
 Asian American 8434 −0.1 (−0.2 to 0.0) 642 −0.10 (−0.21 to 0.02) 
 American Indian 1326 −1.2 (−1.3 to −1.1) 233 −0.77 (−1.03 to −0.5) 
No hypothermia     
 African American 51109 −2.5 (−2.9 to −2.1) 711 −0.25 (−0.35 to −0.14) 
 Hispanic 31085 −0.2 (−0.6 to 0.2) 715 −0.03 (−0.13 to 0.07) 
 Asian American 8815 −1.5 (−1.9 to −1.1) 650 −0.12 (−0.25 to 0.01) 
 American Indian 1399 −1.1 (−1.5 to −0.7) 236 −0.02 (−0.3 to 0.26) 
Antenatal steroids     
 African American 50104 −2.2 (−2.8 to −1.7) 712 −0.17 (−0.31 to −0.03) 
 Hispanic 30348 −0.3 (−0.8 to 0.3) 715 −0.04 (−0.17 to 0.10) 
 Asian American 8421 −0.2 (−0.8 to 0.4) 645 0.00 (−0.14 to 0.14) 
 American Indian 1354 −1.6 (−2.2 to −1.1) 231 −0.20 (−0.48 to 0.09) 
No hospital-acquired infection     
 African American 51525 −1.0 (−4.6 to 2.5) 708 0.03 (−0.11 to 0.17) 
 Hispanic 31103 −0.7 (−4.2 to 2.9) 712 0.01 (−0.13 to 0.15) 
 Asian American 8849 −0.3 (−3.8 to 3.3) 649 −0.02 (−0.17 to 0.13) 
 American Indian 1398 −2.5 (−6.1 to 1.0) 235 −0.06 (−0.32 to 0.20) 
Timely eye examination     
 African American 37456 −1.6 (−2.6 to −0.5) 699 −0.04 (−0.16 to 0.09) 
 Hispanic 23010 1.0 (0.0 to 2.1) 699 0.03 (−0.10 to 0.15) 
 Asian American 6023 0.7 (−0.3 to 1.8) 600 0.07 (−0.07 to 0.22) 
 American Indian 996 0.1 (−1.0 to 1.1) 187 −0.04 (−0.32 to 0.24) 
Survival to discharge     
 African American 51903 2.3 (1.3 to 3.4) 712 0.25 (0.10 to 0.40) 
 Hispanic 31381 2.1 (1.1 to 3.2) 715 0.18 (0.03 to 0.33) 
 Asian American 8912 1.2 (0.1 to 2.3) 653 0.18 (0.02 to 0.35) 
 American Indian 1412 0.6 (−0.5 to 1.6) 236 0.02 (−0.27 to 0.30) 
No chronic lung disease     
 African American 49449 2.8 (2.5 to 3.0) 708 0.52 (0.40 to 0.64) 
 Hispanic 30014 1.9 (1.6 to 2.1) 712 0.32 (0.20 to 0.44) 
 Asian American 8525 1.6 (1.4 to 1.9) 645 0.31 (0.17 to 0.46) 
 American Indian 1329 1.6 (1.4 to 1.9) 232 0.36 (0.07 to 0.65) 
No pneumothorax     
 African American 52100 2.8 (2.5 to 3.1) 712 0.73 (0.57 to 0.89) 
 Hispanic 31475 1.2 (0.9 to 1.5) 716 0.33 (0.17 to 0.49) 
 Asian American 8933 1.6 (1.3 to 1.9) 653 0.46 (0.29 to 0.62) 
 American Indian 1420 1.3 (1.0 to 1.5) 239 0.52 (0.21 to 0.84) 
High growth velocity     
 African American 43290 2.5 (2.2 to 2.7) 704 0.63 (0.51 to 0.75) 
 Hispanic 26438 0.0 (−0.2 to 0.2) 701 0.02 (−0.11 to 0.15) 
 Asian American 7521 0.7 (0.5 to 1.0) 626 0.20 (0.07 to 0.34) 
 American Indian 1198 0.7 (0.5 to 0.9) 217 0.08 (−0.20 to 0.35) 
Measure and Race and EthnicityRace/Ethnicity Overall Compared With White InfantsRace/Ethnicity Within NICU Compared With White Infants in the Same NICU
No. InfantsBaby-MONITOR Score (99% CI)No. NICUsMean Baby-MONITOR Score (99% CI)
Any human milk at discharge     
 African American 48801 −2.4 (−2.5 to −2.3) 707 −1.03 (−1.16 to −0.89) 
 Hispanic 29760 −0.6 (−0.7 to −0.5) 711 −0.25 (−0.37 to −0.14) 
 Asian American 8434 −0.1 (−0.2 to 0.0) 642 −0.10 (−0.21 to 0.02) 
 American Indian 1326 −1.2 (−1.3 to −1.1) 233 −0.77 (−1.03 to −0.5) 
No hypothermia     
 African American 51109 −2.5 (−2.9 to −2.1) 711 −0.25 (−0.35 to −0.14) 
 Hispanic 31085 −0.2 (−0.6 to 0.2) 715 −0.03 (−0.13 to 0.07) 
 Asian American 8815 −1.5 (−1.9 to −1.1) 650 −0.12 (−0.25 to 0.01) 
 American Indian 1399 −1.1 (−1.5 to −0.7) 236 −0.02 (−0.3 to 0.26) 
Antenatal steroids     
 African American 50104 −2.2 (−2.8 to −1.7) 712 −0.17 (−0.31 to −0.03) 
 Hispanic 30348 −0.3 (−0.8 to 0.3) 715 −0.04 (−0.17 to 0.10) 
 Asian American 8421 −0.2 (−0.8 to 0.4) 645 0.00 (−0.14 to 0.14) 
 American Indian 1354 −1.6 (−2.2 to −1.1) 231 −0.20 (−0.48 to 0.09) 
No hospital-acquired infection     
 African American 51525 −1.0 (−4.6 to 2.5) 708 0.03 (−0.11 to 0.17) 
 Hispanic 31103 −0.7 (−4.2 to 2.9) 712 0.01 (−0.13 to 0.15) 
 Asian American 8849 −0.3 (−3.8 to 3.3) 649 −0.02 (−0.17 to 0.13) 
 American Indian 1398 −2.5 (−6.1 to 1.0) 235 −0.06 (−0.32 to 0.20) 
Timely eye examination     
 African American 37456 −1.6 (−2.6 to −0.5) 699 −0.04 (−0.16 to 0.09) 
 Hispanic 23010 1.0 (0.0 to 2.1) 699 0.03 (−0.10 to 0.15) 
 Asian American 6023 0.7 (−0.3 to 1.8) 600 0.07 (−0.07 to 0.22) 
 American Indian 996 0.1 (−1.0 to 1.1) 187 −0.04 (−0.32 to 0.24) 
Survival to discharge     
 African American 51903 2.3 (1.3 to 3.4) 712 0.25 (0.10 to 0.40) 
 Hispanic 31381 2.1 (1.1 to 3.2) 715 0.18 (0.03 to 0.33) 
 Asian American 8912 1.2 (0.1 to 2.3) 653 0.18 (0.02 to 0.35) 
 American Indian 1412 0.6 (−0.5 to 1.6) 236 0.02 (−0.27 to 0.30) 
No chronic lung disease     
 African American 49449 2.8 (2.5 to 3.0) 708 0.52 (0.40 to 0.64) 
 Hispanic 30014 1.9 (1.6 to 2.1) 712 0.32 (0.20 to 0.44) 
 Asian American 8525 1.6 (1.4 to 1.9) 645 0.31 (0.17 to 0.46) 
 American Indian 1329 1.6 (1.4 to 1.9) 232 0.36 (0.07 to 0.65) 
No pneumothorax     
 African American 52100 2.8 (2.5 to 3.1) 712 0.73 (0.57 to 0.89) 
 Hispanic 31475 1.2 (0.9 to 1.5) 716 0.33 (0.17 to 0.49) 
 Asian American 8933 1.6 (1.3 to 1.9) 653 0.46 (0.29 to 0.62) 
 American Indian 1420 1.3 (1.0 to 1.5) 239 0.52 (0.21 to 0.84) 
High growth velocity     
 African American 43290 2.5 (2.2 to 2.7) 704 0.63 (0.51 to 0.75) 
 Hispanic 26438 0.0 (−0.2 to 0.2) 701 0.02 (−0.11 to 0.15) 
 Asian American 7521 0.7 (0.5 to 1.0) 626 0.20 (0.07 to 0.34) 
 American Indian 1198 0.7 (0.5 to 0.9) 217 0.08 (−0.20 to 0.35) 
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