American Academy of Pediatrics

TABLE 6

Trends in Prevalence of Any Developmental Disability in Children Aged 3 to 17 Years by Selected Demographic and Socioeconomic Factors, NHIS, 2009–2017

	N, Unweighted	2009–2011, %	2012–2014, %	2015–2017, %	Percent Change 2009–2011 vs 2015–2017	P for Linear Trend	P for Quadratic Trend
Total	14 743	16.22	16.80	17.76	9.5	<.001	.59
Child characteristics
Age group, y
3–5	3361	10.10	10.52	11.04	9.3	.23	.94
6–11	5236	16.48	17.85	17.71	7.5	.08	.19
12–17	6146	19.19	18.86	21.14	10.2	<.001	.02
Sex
Boys	9689	20.43	21.50	22.72	11.2	<.001	.89
Girls	5054	11.85	11.90	12.59	6.2	.17	.46
Race and ethnicity
Non-Hispanic white	7855	17.36	18.75	19.37	11.6	<.001	.45
Non-Hispanic black	2387	19.38	17.34	20.32	4.9	.42	<.001
Non-Hispanic other	1184	11.66	13.50	12.72	9.1	.39	.19
Hispanic	3317	13.10	13.48	14.98	14.4	.02	.35
Health insurance
Private only	6212	12.86	13.84	14.57	13.3	<.001	.77
Any public	7670	21.69	21.29	22.47	3.6	.30	.21
Uninsured	802	13.10	13.22	13.97	6.6	.58	.80
Birth weight
Low (<2500 g)	1803	22.77	23.75	25.47	11.9	.10	.79
Normal (≥2500 g)	11 623	15.17	16.05	16.97	11.9	<.001	.97
Family characteristics
Maternal education
Less than HS	2047	16.55	16.58	18.95	14.5	.06	.22
HS or some college	7722	17.07	18.13	19.16	12.2	<.001	.97
College or greater	3300	13.05	14.09	14.36	6.4	.06	.51
FPL
<200%	7379	19.30	19.45	20.85	8.0	.04	.25
≥200%	7364	13.71	14.65	15.50	13.1	<.001	.92
Urbanicity^a
Urban	11 658	15.81	16.08	17.37	9.9	<.001	.16
Rural	3085	17.85	19.87	19.54	9.5	.09	.19

	N, Unweighted	2009–2011, %	2012–2014, %	2015–2017, %	Percent Change 2009–2011 vs 2015–2017	P for Linear Trend	P for Quadratic Trend
Total	14 743	16.22	16.80	17.76	9.5	<.001	.59
Child characteristics
Age group, y
3–5	3361	10.10	10.52	11.04	9.3	.23	.94
6–11	5236	16.48	17.85	17.71	7.5	.08	.19
12–17	6146	19.19	18.86	21.14	10.2	<.001	.02
Sex
Boys	9689	20.43	21.50	22.72	11.2	<.001	.89
Girls	5054	11.85	11.90	12.59	6.2	.17	.46
Race and ethnicity
Non-Hispanic white	7855	17.36	18.75	19.37	11.6	<.001	.45
Non-Hispanic black	2387	19.38	17.34	20.32	4.9	.42	<.001
Non-Hispanic other	1184	11.66	13.50	12.72	9.1	.39	.19
Hispanic	3317	13.10	13.48	14.98	14.4	.02	.35
Health insurance
Private only	6212	12.86	13.84	14.57	13.3	<.001	.77
Any public	7670	21.69	21.29	22.47	3.6	.30	.21
Uninsured	802	13.10	13.22	13.97	6.6	.58	.80
Birth weight
Low (<2500 g)	1803	22.77	23.75	25.47	11.9	.10	.79
Normal (≥2500 g)	11 623	15.17	16.05	16.97	11.9	<.001	.97
Family characteristics
Maternal education
Less than HS	2047	16.55	16.58	18.95	14.5	.06	.22
HS or some college	7722	17.07	18.13	19.16	12.2	<.001	.97
College or greater	3300	13.05	14.09	14.36	6.4	.06	.51
FPL
<200%	7379	19.30	19.45	20.85	8.0	.04	.25
≥200%	7364	13.71	14.65	15.50	13.1	<.001	.92
Urbanicity^a
Urban	11 658	15.81	16.08	17.37	9.9	<.001	.16
Rural	3085	17.85	19.87	19.54	9.5	.09	.19

HS, high school.

Urban includes urbanized areas of 50 000 or more people and urban clusters of at least 2500 and <50 000 people. All remaining areas are considered rural.

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